The interesting thing about these conditions is that a diamond can not actually melt at normal atmospheric pressure levels, so to do it would definitely require a laboratory of some sorts. This is also where the problem of melting a diamond occurs. See, the diamond would turn into graphite way before it actually reaches the melting conditions when heated in the absence of oxygen as explained earlier. On the other hand, if oxygen is present, the diamond would just burn away before melting.
This is why a high pressure is required as diamond actually becomes a more stable form than graphite in high pressure conditions. Therefore, the diamond would not turn into graphite before melting, given of course that the pressure is sufficiently high.
Scientists have actually managed to do it in the real world. The small plates would then strike the diamonds evenly from every direction to create a shockwave equivalent to more than 10 million times the atmospheric pressure. If you wish to, you can read more about the fascinating Sandia Z machine from the Sandia National Laboratories website. How interesting would it be to see a diamond melt into liquid when placed in a puddle of lava.
But would this actually be possible? The burning process will also, however, require oxygen. Acids, especially some very corrosive ones, can dissolve many things.
But could an acid possibly dissolve a diamond? Some acids may, however, damage diamonds. Down below is an interesting experiment from The Action Lab, where a diamond is place into a container of piranha solution, an extremely corrosive acid mixture. I'm the founder of Profound Physics, a website I created to help especially those trying to self-study physics as that is what I'm passionate about doing myself.
And under what conditions can you speed up the destruction of a diamond? Once a diamond is broken, it cannot be repaired, only cut into a smaller jewel. Diamond and graphite are both crystals of pure carbon. They differ in only their structure — the configuration of their atoms.
At normal temperatures and pressures on the surface of the Earth, interestingly, graphite is more chemically stable than diamond. This means that, on a long enough time scale, diamonds will degrade into graphite. It takes an enormous amount of energy, however, to break the chemical bonds in a diamond so that it can reform as graphite. I see all the time posts saying "nothing can shatter a diamond" and I just want to teach people that there are many ways to destroy and shatter diamonds.
Diamonds are one of the hardest gems, making them hard to cut, but they're very fragile! This makes them quite easy to smash not easy enough where you can drop it or throw it with a hammer or dropping an anvil on it. Diamonds are hardest, but hardness only measures how easily you can scratch the surface. Tenacity is the strength of the gem as a whole, and diamonds are considered brittle. Another example: Glass is harder than steel, but glass is more fragile and easy to break. Steel and other rocks can be used to easily crush a diamond.
If you heat a diamond to degrees Celsius in open air it will burn, because diamonds are made of carbon. If you place a super heated diamond into a container of liquid oxygen it will disappear, turning into carbon dioxide. Google this it's cool. Like I said earlier, super heating a diamond can set it on fire, and even throwing diamonds into your furnace will burn them all up. Basically, cleavage planes are weak points in the chemical structure of a diamond and other gems.
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